A better question is: what are we consolidating? The answer to that is unclear in a 2004 poll of Pittsburgh Urban Magnet Project members referenced in testimony before last week’s hearing of the Pennsylvania House Urban Affairs Committee. The terms municipal consolidation and regionalism can have multiple meanings; the most important implication of this fact is that CITY-COUNTY CONSOLIDATION IS NOT OUR ONLY OPTION.
Regionalism is the governance of a large geographical area. There are several different types of regionalism, such as fiscal (e.g. tax-base sharing), functional (e.g. shared services) or structural (e.g. consolidation). All of these types of regionalism can have benefits for the geographic area(s) they serve, depending on the details of the specific arrangement.
The current proposal for regionalism in Pittsburgh is structural regionalism that would consolidate the City of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County governments. The practical implication of this is that the City of Pittsburgh’s government would cease to exist. This presents some concerns, mainly for City residents. First, a strategy has not yet been identified to ensure equitable minority representation in the resulting government. Second, an Urban Services District is proposed to protect the County from the City’s current pension deficit; within the Urban Services District (coterminous with current City boundaries), residents will pay something additional to fund the pensions of urban service workers (e.g. police and fire). A concern for the County is that the City’s Act 47 status may come with it and therefore transfer to the County.
The most prominent stated benefit of City-County consolidation of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County is cost savings. When we think of the top priority of our city, county or region, is cost savings the thing that first comes to mind? More often than efficient government, economic development- the creation of jobs- and population- the attraction and retention of people, especially young ones, are the topics of urgency when considering how to revive the region. What we seem to be calling for is economic growth not smaller local government. How does the current proposal promote economic development in Allegheny County? No differently than it currently does because the competition between local municipalities will still exist. This competition is spurred by differences in approaches to development such land use planning and zoning codes. This type of fragmentation actually makes the region as a whole less competitive.
This has been a problem for Louisville, which completed city-county consolidation in 2003. An important consideration when making a comparison to Louisville or other prior consolidations is that Allegheny County is more fragmented than all of them, with 130 total municipalities. Additionally, note that Louisville is the only city-county consolidation to occur in the last 50 or so years and that region faces several challenges in the wake of this change.
The Pittsburgh Region needs real regionalism. This could eventually be some sort of consolidation, perhaps groups of or even all of the municipalities within Allegheny County. However, we can get started today by pursuing functional regionalism in the form of municipal cooperation. Cooperation can result in cost savings as well as increased investment; cooperation results in more leverage for public and private investment.
We don’t need city-county consolidation, we need cooperation. We don’t need change for the sake of change, we need progress.
June 13th, 2008 |